Electrocardiogram (ECG): Important facts
Electrocardiograms (ECGs or EKGs) is a machine or technology that quickly records the electric signals in our hearts. These heart signals occur whenever the heartbeats, that is, on opening or closing of valves to facilitate blood circulation in the body. Electrocardiograms are done in hospitals, doctor’s chambers, and ambulances. This technology has even been adapted to quite a few smartwatches. This is one of the best non-invasive methods for the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases.
Why do you get an ECG/EKG?
ECG’s
are an extremely quick and safe, painless way to for the following:
- Checking heart rate
- Checking heartbeat rhythm
- Checking for poor blood flow to
your heart muscle
- Diagnose a heart attack
- Checking on cardiac
abnormalities like, the thickened muscle
- Detection of significant
electrolyte dysfunctionalities, such as high potassium or high or low
calcium
What happens in an ECG test?
Typically,
a doctor places electrodes with adhesive pads to the skin of the patient’s
chest, arms and legs. During the test, the patient lies flat on their back, as
the electrodes detect the movement of the circulation of blood and electric
currents in our body. The patterns detected are sent to the computer that is
connected to the electrode. These patterns are printed as pictures on graphs.
This is called “resting” EKG. The same can be recorded while exercising.
It
takes around ten minutes to attach, set and complete the test. While it only
takes a few seconds to fully record and print the impulses.
Types of ECG/EKG Tests
Besides
the standard ECG/EKG, there are other types of related tests too. They are:
- Holter
Monitor
It is a portable ECG/EKG that checks the electrical activity in our bodies for 1 to 2 days (for the full 24hrs of a day). This is done to check for any abnormal heart rhythm, palpitations, insufficient blood flow in the heart muscle or for such diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases.
- Event
Monitor
Doctors can suggest this if one gets symptoms only now
and then. When one pushes a button, the machine records the activity of
electrical impulses in our body for the next few minutes.
What should you expect out of the
test?
An electrocardiogram is done in a doctor’s hospital and is often done by a nurse
or a technician. Before patching up of electrodes, the nurse or technician may
shave any body hair present in those patches, if any. During ECG, around 12
sensors (electrodes) are attached to the patient’s chest and limbs with the
help of adhesive/sticky patches with wires that are connected to the computer
monitor. The patient breathes normally, lying on the bed, as the computer
records the information and displays/prints it on computer/paper. A standard
ECG gets over within a few minutes. One can continue their daily activities
after the test.
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